Groussherzogtum Lëtzebuerg (Luxembourgish) Großherzogtum Luxemburg (German) Grand-Duché de Luxembourg (French) Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
Flag Coat of arms Motto: "Mir wëlle bleiwe wat mir sinn"  (Luxembourgish) "We want to remain what we are" Anthem: Ons Hémécht "Our Homeland" Royal anthem: De Wilhelmus 1	Location of Luxembourg
Capital (and largest city) Luxembourg 49°36′N, 6°7′E Official languages Luxembourgish (de jure since 1984), German, French Demonym Luxembourgers Government Parliamentary democracy and Constitutional grand duchy  -  Grand Duke Grand Duke Henri (List)  -  Prime minister Jean-Claude Juncker (List) Independence    -  From French empire (Treaty of Paris ) 9 June 1815   -  1st Treaty of London 19 April 1839   -  2nd Treaty of London 11 May 1867   -  End of personal union 23 November 1890  EU accession March 25, 1957 Area  -  Total 2,586.4 km² (175th) 998.6 sq mi   -  Water (%) negligible	Population  -  2007 estimate 480,222 (171st)  -  2001 census 439,539   -  Density 186/km² (59th) 481/sq mi GDP (PPP) 2006 estimate  -  Total $32.6 billion (97th)  -  Per capita $81,511(2006) (1st) GDP (nominal) 2007 estimate  -  Total $50.077 billion (65th)  -  Per capita $104.673 (1st) HDI (2004) 0.945 (high) (18th) Currency Euro (€)2 (EUR) Time zone CET (UTC+1)  -  Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2) Internet TLD .lu3 Calling code +352 1 Not the same as the Het Wilhelmus of the Netherlands. 2 Before 1999: Luxembourgian franc. 3 The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states.

Luxembourg [ˈlʌksəmbɝg] (help·info), officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg (Luxembourgish: Groussherzogtum Lëtzebuerg, French: Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, German: Großherzogtum Luxemburg), is a small landlocked country in western Europe, bordered by Belgium, France, and Germany. Luxembourg has a population of under half a million people in an area of approximately 2,586 square kilometres (999 sq mi).[1]

Luxembourg is a parliamentary representative democracy with a constitutional monarchy, ruled by a Grand Duke. It is the world's only remaining sovereign Grand Duchy. The country has a highly developed economy, with the second highest Gross Domestic Product per capita in the world (U.S. Central Intelligence Agency 2007 est.). Its historic and strategic importance dates back to its founding as a Roman era fortress site and Frankish count's castle site in the Early Middle Ages. It was an important bastion along the Spanish road when Spain was the principal European power influencing the whole western hemisphere and beyond in the 14th–17th centuries.

Luxembourg is a founding member of the European Union, NATO, the United Nations, Benelux, and the Western European Union, reflecting the political consensus in favour of economic, political, and military integration. The city of Luxembourg, the capital and largest city, is the seat of several institutions and agencies of the European Union.

Luxembourg lies on the cultural divide between Romance Europe and Germanic Europe, borrowing customs from each of the distinct traditions. Luxembourg is a trilingual country; German, French and Luxembourgish are official languages. Although a secular state, Luxembourg is predominantly Roman Catholic